Clutter

**Definition: **  1. Cluttering is a fluency disorder characterized by a rate that is perceived to be abnormally rapid, irregular, or both for the speaker (although measured syllable rates may not exceed normal limits). These rate abnormalities further are manifest in one or more of the following symptoms:  (a) An excessive number of  __[|disfluencies]__, the majority of which are not typical of people with __[|stuttering]__ ;   (b) The frequent placement of pauses and use of __[|prosodic patterns]__ that do not conform to __[|syntactic]__ and __[|semantic]__ constraints;   (c) Inappropriate (usually excessive) degrees of __[|coarticulation]__ among sounds, especially in multisyllabic words. [1] 2. Clutter is the laborious phrase which has pushed out the short word that means the same thing. [2] In my opinion, clutter is a sort of writing skill that adding unnecessary prepositions, adverbs and adjectives to phrases and sentences or using pompous or pretentious words in some expressions to confuse people’s understanding of something.

**Presentation: ** Cluttering includes Spoonerisms, Malapropisms and Freudian slips according to Wikipedia. Specifically,cluttering has reading and writing disorders, especially sprawling, disorderlyhandwriting, which poorly integrate ideas and space. [3]

For example:

It feels likeabout twenty thoughts explode on my mind all at once, and I need to expressthem all, that when I'm trying to make a point, that I just rememberedsomething that I was supposed to say, so the person can understand, and I needto interrupt myself to say something that I should have said before, and that Ineed to constantly revise the sentences that I'm working on, to get it out right.[4]

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Obviously, clutter is fully embodied by this example. Owing to some improper usages ofconjunctions and disordered sentences, the speech usually make audiencesconfused and boring so that people soon lose interests in what he or she issaying.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Moreover, clutteralso means using laborious words and phrases to replace simple and economicexpressions. For example, “now” could be changed into “at this point in time”.People say “currently” or “presently” which mean “soon”. These words can betotally expressed by “now”, “today” even “to be”.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">As a matter offact, clutter can be seen as the ponderous euphemism. For instance, a slum isturned into a depressed socioeconomic area, a salesman into a marketingrepresentative and garbage collectors into waste disposal personnel. [5]

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">William Zinsser says clutter is widely used in official language both in corporation and ingovernment. When a big company announced that it was “decentralizing itsorganizational structure into major profit-centered businesses” and that “corporatestaff services will realigned under two senior vice-presidents” it meant thatit had had a lousy year. William Zinsser also takes Pentagon as an example. Theofficials called an invasion a “reinforced protective reaction strike” andjustified its vast budgets on the need for “credible second-strike capability”(forceto conduct a retaliatory attack) and “counterforce deterrence”(a check on theopposing force or violence).[6]

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Treatment: **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">After writing anarticle, it is quite necessary to subject to your writing to scrutiny. Keep theprinciples of economy, simplicity and clarity in mind. William Zinsser adviseda device at Yale. Brackets around any component in a piece of writing that wasn’tdoing useful work can be put.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Examples: “order (up)”“smile (happily)” “(tall) skyscraper”

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">At the same time,the sentence that essentially repeats what the previous sentence said, or thattells the reader something he doesn’t need to know or can figure out forhimself should be surrounded by brackets.[7]

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">References: **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">[1] St.Louis, K. O., Myers, F. L., Bakker, K., & Raphael, L. J. (2007).Understanding and treating cluttering. In E. G. Conture & R. F. Curlee(Eds.) Stuttering and related disorders of fluency, 3rd ed. (pp. 297-325). NY:Thieme.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">[2] William Zinsser, //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">clutter, //Ray et al, pp.184-189

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">[3] __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0066cc; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">[|__Fluency Disorders: Stuttering vs Cluttering__] __

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">[4] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Reyes-Alami, C.. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0066cc; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">[|__"Interview with a Person who Clutters"__] __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0066cc; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">[|__http://www.mnsu.edu/comdis/kuster/cluttering/camil.html.Retrieved 2006-01-01__] __

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">[5] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">William Zinsser, //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">clutter, //Ray et al, pp.184-189

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">[6] William Zinsser, //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">clutter, //Ray et al, pp.184-189

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">[7] William Zinsser, //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">clutter, //Ray et al, pp.184-189

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">(I do all the revises in the Word document because the Xiamen writing space doesn’t work on A regular basis. I’m sorry about that) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">External links:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0066cc; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">[|Cluttering: Some Guidelines] __
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0066cc; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">[|Overview of Cluttering] __
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0066cc; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">[|International Cluttering Association page] __